Water Heater Leaking from Top? Here's How To Diagnose and Repair It Fast

A water heater leaking from the top can be alarming, but don't worry - with the right knowledge, many top leaks can be quickly diagnosed and repaired.

Detecting a leak is the first step. Check for water pooling around the base of the heater or drips coming from fittings at the top of the tank. Turn off the power and water supply before investigating further. Call a professional immediately if the leak appears severe or you see rust stains.

What Causes Water Heaters to Leak from the Top?

Several issues can cause water to drip from the top of the tank. Here are some of the most common culprits:

Faulty Cold Water Inlet Valve

The cold water inlet valve can loosen over time, causing drips and leaks. Try tightening the fitting with an adjustable wrench first. If that doesn't stop the leak, replace the valve. Turn off the water supply and drain the tank first.

Loose Pipe Fittings

Fittings connecting pipes at the top of the tank may vibrate loose. Check for dampness around joints and tighten any loose fittings with a wrench. Badly corroded or damaged fittings should be replaced.

Broken TPR Valve

The TPR (temperature and pressure relief) valve is an important safety device that can malfunction and leak. A steady drip likely means the valve needs replacement. Hire a plumber since improperly installing a TPR valve can be dangerous.

Leaking Anode Rod

The anode rod protects the tank from corrosion but can deteriorate over time. Remove and inspect the rod - corroded rods should be replaced. Use pipe tape on threads to ensure a tight seal.

Damaged Expansion Tank

The expansion tank has an internal bladder that maintains pressure as water is heated. If the bladder ruptures, water will leak from the tank. Replace old expansion tanks every 5-7 years.

Exercise caution when repairing a leaky water heater to avoid injury or property damage:

• Turn off the power and water supply before beginning repairs
• Allow the tank to fully cool to avoid burns
• Wear goggles and gloves when handling fittings
• Check for asbestos insulation, which requires professional removal

For extensive repairs, replacement, or if you are unsure of the cause, contact a professional plumber. They can safely diagnose and fix the leak so you can once again enjoy hot showers.

A water heater leaking from the top often indicates a fairly minor repair is needed. With proper precautions, many homeowners can stop top leaks themselves. But for substantial damage or safety concerns, rely on an experienced plumber. By quickly addressing any top drips or leaks, you can avoid more costly issues down the road.